Russian Language Grammar
Table of Prepositions
A preposition is an auxiliary part of speech. Prepositions are used with nouns, pronouns, and numerals. Prepositions may be classified as follows:
(a) The original ones (the oldest in the language): без, в, до, на, о, etc.
(b) Adverbial prepositions (and still used as adverbs): мимо, напротив, сзади, etc.
(c) Prepositions formed from nouns: ввиду, в течение, насчёт, навстречу, etc.
(d) A few prepositions formed from verbs: благодаря, не считая, несмотря на, etc.
The prepositions, with examples of their usage, are listed in chapters "Declension of Nouns" and "Usage of Cases".
The following table gives a recapitulation of prepositions in alphabetical order. Note that most prepositions govern only one case, a few prepositions govern two or three cases, and the preposition пo governs four cases.
|
PREPOSITION |
CASE |
MEANING |
|
без (безо) |
Gen. |
without |
|
благодаря |
Dat. |
thanks to, because of |
|
близ |
Gen. |
near |
|
в (во)
|
Асс. |
into, in, to, at |
|
Prep. |
in, at |
|
|
в виде |
Gen. |
as, in the form of, by way of |
|
в продолжение |
Gen. |
during,throughout |
|
в силу |
Gen. |
in virtue, on the strength |
|
в течение |
Gen. |
during |
|
ввиду |
Gen. |
on account of |
|
вдоль |
Gen. |
along |
|
включая |
Acс. |
including |
|
вместо |
Gen. |
instead |
|
вне |
Gen. |
out of, outside, beyond |
|
внутри |
Gen. |
inside |
|
возле |
Gen. |
near |
|
вокруг |
Gen. |
around |
|
вопреки |
Dat. |
in spite of, against |
|
впереди |
Gen. |
in front of |
|
вроде |
Gen. |
like, similar to |
|
вследствие |
Gen. |
as a consequence, as a result |
|
для |
Gen. |
for |
|
до |
Gen. |
before, until, to |
|
за |
Acc. |
behind, beyond, for (in favor of), during |
|
Instr. |
behind, beyond, for (to fetch), at |
|
|
Nom. |
(in the expression что за...) |
|
|
за исключением |
Gen. |
except, excepting |
|
из (изо) |
Gen. |
from, out of |
|
из-за |
Gen. |
from behind; because of, on account |
|
из-под |
Gen. |
from under |
|
исключая |
Acc. |
excepting, with the exception of |
|
к (ко) |
Dat. |
to, towards, by (with time expressions) |
|
кончая |
Instr. |
ending (with, on) |
|
кроме |
Gen. |
besides; except (for) |
|
кругом |
Gen. |
around |
|
между |
Instr. |
between |
|
Gen. |
between (See "Isolated Rules") |
|
|
мимо |
Gen. |
past, by |
|
на |
Acc. |
on, onto; to; for |
|
Prep. |
on; at |
|
|
навстречу |
Dat. |
towards |
|
над (надо) |
Instr. |
above, over |
|
назло |
Dat. |
for spite, to displease |
|
накануне |
Gen. |
the day before, on the eve |
|
наперекор |
Dat. |
in defiance, in opposition, against |
|
напротив |
Gen. |
across from |
|
насчёт |
Gen. |
about, regarding |
|
не считая |
Gen. |
excluding, not counting |
|
несмотря на |
Acc. |
in spite of, regardless of |
|
о (об, обо) |
Prep. |
about, concerning |
|
Acc. |
against (implying shock) |
|
|
около |
Gen. |
near, around; about (approximately) |
|
от (ото) |
Gen. |
from; because of |
|
относительно |
Gen. |
regarding, concerning, with regard to |
|
перед (передо) |
Instr. |
in front of; before (See "Isolated Rules") |
|
по
|
Dat. |
along, on; according to; "each" (distributive) |
|
Acc. |
up to |
|
|
Prep. |
after, upon |
|
|
Nom. |
"each" (distributive). (See "Isolated Rules") |
|
|
по поводу |
Gen. |
in connection with, regarding |
|
по случаю |
Gen. |
because of, on account of |
|
под (подо)
|
Acc. |
under |
|
Instr. |
under |
|
|
подле |
Gen. |
near |
|
позади |
Gen. |
behind |
|
помимо |
Gen. |
apart from |
|
поперёк |
Gen. |
across |
|
после |
Gen. |
after |
|
посреди |
Gen. |
in the middle of |
|
посредством |
Gen. |
by means of, with |
|
при |
Prep. |
at, by, near; with; in the days of, in the presence of |
|
про |
Acc. |
about |
|
против |
Gen. |
opposite; against |
|
ради |
Gen. |
for the sake of |
|
с (со) |
Instr. |
with; together with |
|
Gen. |
off; from, since |
|
|
Acc. |
about, the size of |
|
|
сверх |
Gen. |
above, over |
|
сзади |
Gen. |
behind |
|
сквозь |
Acc. |
through |
|
согласно |
Dat. |
according to |
|
снаружи |
Gen. |
outside of |
|
спустя |
Acc. |
thereafter, after that |
|
среди |
Gen. |
in the middle of; among |
|
у |
Gen. |
near, by, at; from |
|
через |
Acc. |
through, over; in (with time expressions) |